Carbureter for hydrocarbon-engine.



PATENTED SEPT. 25, 1906.

' H. E. 00mm.

GARBURETER FOR HYDR'OGARBOILENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT.17, 1904.

rrnn STATES ATENT or nron.

HOWARD E. COFFIN, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO OLDS MOTOR WORKS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 25, 1906.

Application filed October 17,1904. Serial No. 228,853.

To (all whm'lt it HLILI/ concern:

Be it known that I, HOWARD E. CoFFIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvei'nents in Carbureters for Hydrocarbon-Engmes, of which the following 18 cuhar construction, arrangement, and coma specification, reference being had thereinto the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to carbureters for use in connection .with explosion-engines, and more particularly designed to be used on motor-vehicles.

In the construction of carbureters for motor-vehicles it is customary to provide means for variably restricting or throttling the inlet from the carbureter to the cylinder of the engine, so as to regulate the force of explosion and the speed of the engine. mon with a certain type of carbureters to obtain a variation in the quantity of oil intro duced into'the mixing-chamber by the variable suction produced by the operation of the throttle. 'Thus under ordinary conditions, where the vehicles run upon a level road, the opening of the throttle will cause an increased quantity of oil to be drawn into the mixing-chamber and absorbed by the large volume of air passing tlierethrough, while the closing of the throttle will correspondingly diminish the quantity of oil and air.

The means of regulation above, while operating satisfactorily under ordinary condi tions, have been found to be inadequate under other conditionsfor example, when the vehicle is moving slowly under a large loadas where climbing a steep hill the maximum power of the engine is desired, and consequently the throttle is wide open. At the same time on account of the slow movement of the piston the suction produced is not reat and frequently results in a failure to introduce sufficient oil in the mixing-chamher to produce a proper explosive mixture. Thus at a time where the greatest certainty of action is desirable there is the greatest likelihood of failure in explosion. A t

It is one of the objects of the present invention to obtain a construction in which a sufficient quantity of oil will always be drawn into the mixing-chamber, even where the movement of the piston is slow.

To this end the invention consists in the It is also compeculiar construction of the automatic regulating-valve for variably restricting the airconduit adjacent to the oil-inlet nozzle according to the suction produced by the engine and independent of the regulation of the throttle.

The invention further consists in the pebination of parts, as hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the carbureter. Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof, partly in section. a

A is a suitable casing in which is an oilchamber B, the oil therein being maintained at a constant height by a float U, which controls a valve D, governing an inlet from the oil-supply conduit E. Adjacent to the chamber B is, a chamber F, in which is arranged the oil-discharge nozzle G, which receives the oil through a passage H, connecting with the chamber B. The nozzle G is arranged vertically and centrally of the chamberF and is in such relation 'to the float C in the chamber B that the level of the oil is maintained a,

slight distance below the upper en'dof the discharge-nozzle. At the upper endof the nozzle is preferably provided a plurality of radial jet-passages a, through which the oil when discharged is directed into different portions of the chamber F. p p

The chamber F is provided at its base with an air-inlet opening F and near its upper end .is provided with a lateral discharge-opening to be registered with the lateral dischargeopening F in the casing. At the upper end of the hollow valve is an operating-stem K, extending outward through an aperturcd cap L at the upper end of the casing A. Th s cap is recessed to form a chamber in which 18 located a coil-spring M, said s ring being connected to the valve J and a apted to rotate the same into its normal position, where the discharge opening F is almost closed. Theopening of the va ve is eflected by a lever N,

' attached to the stem K and adapted to rotate 7 into the, chamber F depends upon the suction of the aircurrent passing therethrough or,

more accurately, to the velocity of the air current passing immediately adjacent to the oil discharge nozzle. As a consequence if the throttle is wide open while the piston of the engine is movin slowly the velocity of the air-current mi it not be sufficientv to draw into the charm er F the required uanpreferably provided with an enlargement A? tity of oil. To overcome thisdefect, I ave provided an automatic regulator-valve of the E the oil and spray it from ol'lowing construction: is a disk, preferably formed of thin sheet -metal, provided with a facing of some light tough material, such as vulcanized fiber, this lining being indicated at c. The valve 0 is provided with a central aperture through whichthe nozzle G rejects and an annular passage 6 being left tween the nozzle and the inner edge of the valve. The valve is seated upon a suitable spider or 'epertured plate P, so as to be di I rectl'y in the path of the air-current passing from the inlet-opening F through the chamber F to the discha e-opening F The diis preferably subs'tanameter of the valve tially the same as that of the cylindrical portion A of the casing A, and said casing is below thevalve J and above the seat P for the valve 0. This enlargement will provide a passage for the air around the edge of the disk when the latter is lifted from its seat, as will be hereinafter described. The valve 0 is yieldingly held to its seat by elastic pressure, preferably formed'bya spring As shown, this spring is of a conical form having its lower end resting upon the disk 0 near the margin thereof and its upper end engaging with a central bearing R. This bearing R is preferably formed on a threaded shank which passesaxially through the stem or shank K or rocking the valve J. The upper end of the shank R is provided with a head e, with which a wrench or other adjusting instrument may be engaged, so that by rotating the shank R the tension of the spring Q may be varied.

Withthe construction described in operation the oil from the conduit E will pass into the chamber B and fill said chamber to a pre' determined level, the float C then operating to close the valve D and prevent further admission of oil. A remov able strainer S is preferably provided in this inlet-pipe, so as to prevent admission of foreign material into into the air-current. Y

When-th'e throttle-valve J is in the posi with a needle-valve-T t erein, by means of which the flow of oil therethrough maybe regulated. The oil rises in the nozzle G to a level within the chamber B, which isslightly below the upper end of the nozzle. A sue-- tion being produced by the movement of the piston in the engine-cylinder, an air-current will be drawn through the chamber F, entering the aperture F and passing through the annular space (1 adjacent to the nozzle G into the upper portion of the chamber F within the hollowvalve J and thence through theaperture F to the "conduit leading tothe engine-cylinder. On account of the restriction s or diminished area of the annular passa'ge d the velocity of the air-current is greatly in creased at this point, and as a consequence a suction is created at the nozzle which will lift the jet-opening (1 tion of adjustment to nearly close the outletport F the operation will continue as just describedi. e., all of the air entering through :the aperture F will be compelled to pass through the annular passage (1 adjacent to Ethe nozzle G. Assoon, however, as the' throttle J is, adjusted to produce a larger opening into the passage F the pressure of around the periphery of the disk and through the enlargement A into the mixing-chamber.

At the same time a portion of the current will pass through the annular passage d. The

greater the opening of the port F the greater will be the rise of the disk 0, and as a consequence the restriction for the air-current caused by the disk valve 0 will be proportionate to the restriction by the throttle J,

and at all times a portion of the air-current will pass immediately adjacent to the nozzle G through the annular passage d. The rise of the valve 0 will not, however, always be the same for the definite adjustment of the throttle-valve J, but will be determined to as large an extent by the speed of the piston as by the degree of throttling. Thus where the engine is running slowly the throttle may be widely opened and the valve-disk 0 will nevertheless remain comparatively close to its seat, so as to produce the requisite velocity of the air-current passing through the annuair upon the lower face of the disk 0 will lift 1 said disk, so as to permit the passage of air' lar passage d to spray the oil from the nozzle v G. The primary function of the valve is thus to at all times produce a suction air-(urrent adjacent to the nozzle, while it also instantaneously responds to any change in the adjustments of the throttle or in the speed l' the engine, which creates a greater suction. It will be observed that this valve 0 is always subjected on one side to the pressure of come.

the incoming air-current and on its opposite side to the pressure of the spring Q. As the pressure of the air-current is continually varymg, it is evident that the valve will ordinarily be in constant fluctuation, and it is also evident that each time the direction of movement is changed the inertia must be over- It is therefore desirable that the factor of inertia should be reduced to the minimum, and this result I have roduced by forming the valve 0 as a thin disk, the mass of which in relation to-the area operated upon by the air is very slight, By such a construction the sensitiveness of the valve 0 is greatly increased, and, furthermore, the pound which would-be caused by a relatively heavy valve in striking against its seat is prevented. The fiber lining for the valveis also effective in preventing wear by the striking of the valve a ainst its seat. By means of the threade stem R the tension of the spring Q may be adjusted so as to produce the proper degree of resistance to the movement of the disk 0. The disk is guided in its movement by the conical shape of the spring Q, which always tends to center the disk, and peripheral guides are also preferably provided adjac'ent to t e enlar ement A of the casing. Stop-lugs h project om the valve J and limit the upward movement of the disk 0; The shank of the nozzle G referably extends outward through the wall of the casing, and the needle Tmay be adjusted at the end of said shank, with which it preferably has ascrewthreaded engagement, as at g. When prop: erly adjusted, the needle-valve is 'uarded from change by the cap U,having a threaded engagement with the end of the shank of the nozzle G.

What I claim" as my invention is f 1. In a carbureten'the combination with acasing, through which an air-current is drawn, of an/oil-inlet nozzle projecting therein, an annular disk valve seated in said casing and contractin the air-passage around the discharge en of said nozzle, one face ofsaid valve being exposed to the pressure of the aincurrent, tending to lift said valve from its seat, and means for yieldingly pressing said; valve to its'seat.

2. In a carbureter, the combination with a casing through which the air-current is drawn, of an oil-inlet nozzle projecting into said casing, an annular-disk valve seated in said casing and contracting the air-passage surround ing the discharge end of said nozzle, one face of said valve being exposed to the pressure of the air-current, tending to lift the valve from its seat and the mass of said valve being small inrelation to the area acted upon, so as to diminish the factor of inertia, and means for yieldingly pressing 'saidvalve toward its seat. i i

3. In a carb'."eter,the combination with a casing, through which the air-current is drawn,

of an oil-inlet nozzle extending axially within said casing, and an annular-disk valve surrounding the discharge end ofsaid nozzle and seated in said casing, said valve being formed of a thin'metallic plate with a non-metallic lining for contacting with said seat.

4. A carbureter, comprising a casing; through which the. air-current is drawn, an oil-inlet nozzle rojecting axially within said casing, an annu ar-disk valve surrounding the discharge end of said nozzle and marginally seated within said casing and a conical-helical spring, its large end bearing against said disk near the margin thereof, and its small end bearing against a central abutment within said casing,- whereby said disk is yieldingly pressed toward its seat against the pressure of the air-current.

' 5. In a-carbureter, the combination with a casing, throu gh which the air-current is drawn,

of a hollow rotary throttle-valve within said casing, controlling the discharge-o ening in the side wallt-hereof, of an o1l' with said valve and directing the oil-discharge within the same, and an annular-disk valve surrounding the discharge end of said nozzle and marginally seated within said casmg. la 6. In aparbureter, the combination with a casing, throughwhich the air-current is drawn,- of a hollow rotary throttle-valve within said casing, controlling a discharge-port in the side wall thereof, an oil-inlet nozzle in axial alinement with said valve and directing the oil-discharge into the interior thereof, an an nular disk valve surrounding said nozzle and marginally seated with said casing, and a spring within said hollow valve yleldingly pressing said disk toward its seat against the pressure of the air-current.

7. A carbureter, comprising a casin through which the air-current is drawn, a ho low rotary valve within said casing controlling a dischargeort in the side wall thereof, an oil-inlet nozz e extending into said casing and directedinto said hollow valve, an annular-disk valve surrounding said nozzle and seated within said casing, and aconical helical spring within said hollow. valve, having its large end bearing against said disk-valve and its small end against a central abutment.

8. In a carbureter, the combination with a casing, through which the air-current is drawn, of a hollow rotary valve controlling a discharge-port'in the side wall of said casing, an oil-inlet nozzle directed into said hollow valve,

ahollow ca for closing the end of said casing,

through w 'c h said valve is entered, and a coil-spr1ng w1thin said hollowcap for yieldingly rotatlng said valve to its 'normal position. l

9 In a carbureter, the combination with a casing, throughwhich the air-current is drawn,

a hollow rotary valve within said casing conet nozzle ,pro ectmg into said casmg, in axial ahnement thereo through-t v- 10,, 1n a carbureter, the combination with trollin a discharge-port in the side wall l'passage isf ormed in said-enl valve projecting l the perlphery of the disk. an il-inlet nozzle] :1 L- In acarbureter, the eombinationwith the stem of said outward from said casing, eX-tendin into said casing in; "al alinement with sail? rotary valve, and-adapted to dissharge the oil within the same, an annular- I disk valve surrounding said nozzle and seated.

within said casing, a conical helical spring Within said hollow valve, bearing against said disk valve and an said sprin formedbya stem passing outward stem of said rotary valve.

- ,a. .easing,-th1tough which the air-current is I sidewall thereof, an oil-inlet nozzle projectdrawn, of a hollow-rotary valve withinsaid easing,"controlling a;discharge-p ort in the 111% into said casing, directed into said hollow va ve, an" .annu-la dlsk valve surrounding said nozzle,

disk-"valve, and an-enlargement in said casing hetweemsaid seat and hollow ivalve-, yvhereby adjustable abutment for.

adjacent {to the :end of said hollow -:valve, 'a' seat-within'said e'asingffor said esissa I a casing, having a eylindricalportion, a holcasing low'rotary-valve fitting within said cylindrical portion and controlling a discharge-port in the side wall thereof, a valve-seat within said below said rotary valve, an annular .disk valve resting upon said seat and contraoting the passage into "saidhollowvalve,

an oil-inlet valve contracted by said disk va holding said disk valve to. 'largement within said casing between said v seat and said hollow at the end of said hollow valve fo 1 ments for limiting the valve.

projecting into the passage valve, and projections abutmovement of sand disk "In testimony whereof I 'afiix mysignatui-e in presence of two witnesses;

, HOWARD EFGOF IN 'Witness'es scream, En. DZ Ann.

.azrge ment around 2 5 3S Ive, a-spring-"forits seat, an en' 

